In Wayland, the compositor is the display server. Wayland is developed as a free and open-source community-driven project to replace the X Window System (also known as X11 or Xorg ) with a modern, secure, and more straightforward windowing system. It is a communication protocol that specifies the communication between a display server and its clients. Wayland was begun by Kristian Hogsberg, an X.Org developer, as a personal project in 2008. Wayland, the Next-generation Display Server And yet all of those old features are still there, weighing down on all of these applications, hurting performance and security. Most of the X Server protocol’s features were not used anymore.Īll of the work that X11 did was redelegated to the individual applications and the window manager. These messages typically carry primitive drawing commands like “draw a box,” “write these characters at this position,” “the left mouse button has been clicked,” etc.īut X11 is old, and it was still a pile of hacks sitting on top of a protocol not overhauled for over 30 years. It describes how messages are exchanged between a client (application) and the display (server). When X was developed, it was widespread that the X server would run on a workstation, and the users would run applications on a remote computer with more processing power. If it’s not obvious, it’s implicit in the design of X11 that the application and the display don’t have to be on the same computer. However, Xorg is based on a client/server model and thus allows clients to run either locally or remotely on a different machine. Typically, one would start an X server which will wait for client’s applications to connect to it. It is an application that interacts with client applications via the X11 protocol to draw things on display and to send input events like mouse movements, clicks, and keystrokes. X.Org server is the free and open-source implementation of the X Window System display server stewarded by the X.Org Foundation. First originating in 1984, it was the default windowing system for most UNIX-like operating systems, including Linux. X Window System, often referred to merely as X, is old. X Window System, Xorg, X11, Explained X Window System The third, Mir, is beyond the scope of this tutorial. There are three display server protocols available in Linux. X11 and Wayland are two of them. The display server communicates with its clients over the display server protocol. The desktop environments (Gnome, KDE, Xfce, MATE, etc.) use display servers. It is vital not to confuse the display server with a desktop environment. Without it, you would only be restricted to a command-line interface. So, thanks to a display server, you can use your computer with GUI. The basic component of the Graphical User Interface (GUI) sits between the graphical interface and the kernel. The display server is crucial in any graphical user interface, specifically the windowing system. What is a Display Server in Linux?Ī display server is a program whose primary task is to coordinate the input and output of its clients to and from the rest of the operating system, the hardware, and each other. You always stumble upon those terms and know they have to do with the graphics, but you’d like to learn more.
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